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Quick Statistics:
Body Length - 16.10 in.[40.90 cm.] •
Span - 17.00 in.[43.20 cm.] • Height - 3.40 in.[8.60 cm.]
Scale - 1:87 |
| Related Link: Wikipedia Constellation Webpage |
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The Lockheed Constellation, affectionately known as the â¬Å¡¬Å¡¬Åââââ¬Å¡¬Åââ¬ÅConnieâ¬Å¡¬Å¡¬ââââÂ, was a four-engine propeller-driven airliner built by Lockheed between 1943 and 1958 at its Burbank, California, USA, facility. A total of 856 aircraft were produced in four models, all distinguished by a distinctive triple-tail design and graceful, dolphin-shaped fuselage. It was used as both a civilian airliner and U.S. military air transport plane, seeing service in the Berlin Airlift and as the presidential aircraft for President Eisenhower..
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History.
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In 1939, Trans World Airlines requested a 40-passenger short- and medium-range airliner. The first prototype of the new L-049 Constellation (registration NX25600) flew on 9 January, 1943. Due to ongoing World War II, all production was diverted to C-69 military transport versions with an initial USAAF contract for 202 aircraft. With only 22 C-69 delivered before the end of hostilities, the military cancelled the remainder of the order. Aircraft already in production were thus finished as civilian airliners with deliveries beginning in November 1945. The Constellations wing was essentially the same as on the P-38 Lightning, differing only in scale..
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Operational history.
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TWA opened post-war commercial intercontinental air service on 6 February, 1946, with a New York - Paris flight in a Constellation. On 17 June, 1947, Pan American World Airways opened first-ever regularly scheduled around-the-world service with their L-749 Clipper America..
As the first pressurized aircraft in widespread use, it helped to usher in affordable and comfortable air travel for the masses. Among airlines that flew Constellations were Avianca, Aer Lingus, Trans Canada Airlines, American Airlines, Chicago and Southern Air Lines, Delta Air Lines, Trans World Airlines, Pan American World Airways, Northwest Orient Airlines, Western Airlines, South Pacific Airlines, BOAC, Air France, Eastern Airlines, KLM, Qantas, El Al, and Lufthansa..
The Constellation proved somewhat prone to one-engine failures, earning it a nickname of the worlds finest three-engine airliner in some circles..
Sleek and powerful, Constellation set a number of records. On 19 April, 1944, the second production L-049 piloted by Howard Hughes and Jack Frye flew from Burbank, California to Washington D.C. in 6 hours and 57 minutes. On 29 September, 1957, L-1649A Starliner flew from Los Angeles to London in 18 hours and 32 minutes. L-1649A still holds the record for the longest-duration non-stop passenger flight -- during TWAs inaugural London to San Francisco flight on 1-2 October, 1957, the aircraft stayed aloft for 23 hours and 19 minutes!.
Ultimately, the advent of jet airliners rendered piston-engined Constellation obsolete, although many aircraft continued to serve as fast freighters for years to come. Several Constellations have been restored in recent years, many to flying condition..
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